Conference Proceedings
30th Annual Conference Proceedings of ASAN
Prof. Suleiman Makama YASHIM , Prof. Abdulmojeed Yakubu , Prof. Uchelle Okpanachi, Dr. Bello Mummuni Munza
Articles 201 Papers
EFFECT OF BEDDING MATERIALS ON SERUM LIPID PROFILE OF WEANED PIGS
EFFECT OF BEDDING MATERIALS ON SERUM LIPID PROFILE OF WEANED PIGS
Housing management of animals in the form of bedding is of paramount importance for good health and
better growth. Twenty-seven (27) weaned pigs were allotted to three treatments of nine (9) animals per
treatment and three animals per replicate. The concrete floor was constructed using cement, gravel, sand
and water while woodshaving were collected in dried form from sawmills within Igboora metropolis and
harmful materials such as pebbles, iron metals, broken bottles and nails were removed and spread on
cemented floor to make the woodshaving floor. The clay was gotten from termite hills within the College
premises n dried form from sawmills within Igboora metropolis and harmful materials such as pebbles, iron
metals, broken bottles and nails were removed and spread on cemented floor to and spread on cemented
floor to make the clay floor. At the end of the experiment, blood was collected through the anterior vena
cava of three animals per treatment very early in the morning before feeding for serum lipid analysis into
plain bottles without anticoagulant to determine the cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein and
low density lipoprotein. Results showed that there were significant (P0.05). Highest concentration of
glucose (98.67mg/dl), cholesterol (44.33mg/dl), triglyceride (23.33mg/dl), and low density lipoprotein
(39.67mg/dl) were obtained in pigs reared on concrete floor while the lowest mean values (83.67mg/dl,
39.33mg/dl, 18.33mg/dl and 35.67mg/dl) were recorded in pigs reared on woodshaving floor, respectively.
The pigs compared favourably among the treatment for high density lipoprotein. It can be concluded that
rearing pigs on woodshaving floor gave the best lipid profile of pigs and this is an indication that the pigs
are safe for human consumption and the use of woodshaving as a bedding materials prevents environmental
pollution and reduce waste in the environment.
Growth Performance and Economy of Isa-Brown Grower Cockerels (7– 12 weeks) fed Varying Dietary Energy and Protein Levels in the Southern Rainforest Zone of Nigeria
Growth Performance and Economy of Isa-Brown Grower Cockerels (7– 12 weeks) fed Varying Dietary Energy and Protein Levels in the Southern Rainforest Zone of Nigeria
This study was carried out at the University of Uyo Teaching and Research Poultry Farm unit, a southern
rainforest zone of Nigeria to ascertain the optimal dietary energy and protein requirements of Isa-brown
grower cockerels (7 - 12 weeks). Three metabolizable energy (ME) levels (2800, 2900, 3000 kcal/kg
DM) and four crude protein (CP) levels (16, 18, 20, 22%) were assessed across 12 diets using a 3 × 4
factorial experiment arrangement in a completely randomized design (CRD). A total of 360 six-weekold Isa-brown cockerels were randomly assigned to 12 treatment groups. Each group was replicated
three times with 10 birds per replicate. Growth performance, Feed conversion ratio, Energy and protein
intakes as well as Economic parameters were evaluated. Result showed that birds fed with 2800 kcal/kg
ME and 22% CP diet had the highest final body weight and weight gain while those on 2900 kcal/kg
ME and 20% CP was the diet with the least cost of feed intake per kg body weight gain. Variations in
energy levels did not significantly affect Feed Intake (FI), Body Weight Gain (BWG), Protein Intake
(PI) and Metabolizable Energy Intake (MEI) (P > 0.05), but differences in Crude protein levels had a
significant effect on FI, PI and MEI. In conclusion, for Isa - brown grower cockerels (7 -12 weeks)
optimal performance in southern rainforest zone of Nigeria at a least cost feed, it is recommended to
use diet containing 2900 kcal/kg ME and 20% Protein.
PERFORMANCE INDICATORS, HAEMATOLOGY AND BIOCHEMICAL INDICES OF GROWING PULLETS UNDER TWO REARING MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
PERFORMANCE INDICATORS, HAEMATOLOGY AND BIOCHEMICAL INDICES OF GROWING PULLETS UNDER TWO REARING MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
Performance indicators, haematological profiles, and serum biochemical indices of growing Bovan nera
pullets (n=576) at week 12 weighing 1.06 ± 0.01-1.08 ± 0.03kg/pullet. Pullets were reared under two
housing management systems: deep litter system (DLS) and battery cage system (BCS). The pullets
were divided into two groups each having 288 birds per rearing management in a completely
randomised design. A grower diet containing metaboliseable energy; 2,781.38 Kcal/kg and crude
protein; 16.18% was formulated and fed offered ad libitum to the pullets. Data were subjected to t-test
analysis at α 0.05 using the General Linear Model Procedure and significant means separated by Duncan
Multiple Range option of General Linear Model procedure of SAS. Feed intake, weight gain, and feed
conversion ratio showed no significant (p>0.05) differences between rearing management systems.
Haemoglobin (Hb), Packed Cell Volume (PCV), and Red Blood Cell (RBC) counts remained within
physiological norms across treatments indicating no adverse health effects. However, there were
significant (p<0.05) differences in Albumin (AL), Albumin/Globulin (AL:GL) ratio, and Phosphorus
(P) levels with birds in DLS showing higher values (p<0.05). The results showed enhanced protein
metabolism and mineral utilization due to increased physical activity of pullets in DLS. There were no
significant differences in lipid profiles or liver enzyme activities, indicating metabolic stability of birds
in both rearing management. In conclusion, growth performance and haematological indices were not
affected but serum albumin, albumin/globulin ratio, and phosphorus levels vary with rearing
management. The deep litter system supported enhanced immune function and energy metabolism, due
to increased bird activity
USE OF ANDROPOGUN TECTORUM AS A LEAF MEAL FOR FINISHER BROILER DIET: A PANACEA TOWARDS ENHANCEMENT OF PRODUCTIVITY AND SUSTAINABILITY
USE OF ANDROPOGUN TECTORUM AS A LEAF MEAL FOR FINISHER BROILER DIET: A PANACEA TOWARDS ENHANCEMENT OF PRODUCTIVITY AND SUSTAINABILITY
The high cost of conventional feed ingredients has necessitated the need to explore alternative feed
ingredients in feeding of broiler chickens. This trial was conducted to investigate the performance of
finisher broiler chickens fed dietary inclusions of Andropogun tectorum leaf meal (ATLM). 120 Anak2000 strain of finisher broilers were distributed randomly in a completely randomized design (CRD) of
four treatments, each replicated three times. The experimental diets consist of ATLM included at levels
of 0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5% in treatments 1 (control), 2, 3 and 4 respectively. The diets were fed for 28days,
during which feed intake and weight gain and mortality were monitored. Broilers in T3 had the highest
final weight gain of 2141.67 which although was significantly (P<0.05) higher than the control
(1836.67g) but was similar with T2 and T4. The daily weight gain was best for T2 broilers and similar
with T3 broilers. The feed conversion ratio was best among chickens in T2 andT3 while feed intake did
not differ among the groups. It was concluded that up to 5% inclusion rate of ATLM can increase the
productivity of finisher broiler chickens and therefore recommended.
EFFICACY OF MORINGA OLEIFERA LEAF EXTRACT AS A PHYTOGENIC ADDITIVE ON HEMATOLOGICAL AND SERUM BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERSIN FINISHERBROILER CHICKENS
EFFICACY OF MORINGA OLEIFERA LEAF EXTRACT AS A PHYTOGENIC ADDITIVE ON HEMATOLOGICAL AND SERUM BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERSIN FINISHERBROILER CHICKENS
A 28-day trial evaluated the effect of varying levels of M. oleifera leaf extract (MOLE) on the
physiological parameters of 120 four-week-old ‘Anak’ broilers. The birds were randomly divided into
four treatment groups in a completely randomized design, with 30 birds per group and three replicates of
ten birds each. The groups (T1 – T4) received varying MOLE concentrations in water at 0ml, 20ml, 40ml
and 60ml per litre, refreshed every three days to maintain the stability and potency of the bioactive
compounds, minimize microbial growth, and ensure consistent exposure throughout the experimental
period. All birds had ad libitum access to feed and water. Freshly harvested M. oleifera leaves were airdried for five days, milled into leaf meal (MOLM), and analyzed for nutrients, showing high protein and
ash content, highlighting its value as a supplement. Blood samples collected at week eight were analyzed
for hematological and serum biochemical parameters. The analysis showed no significant differences
(P>0.05) except for creatinine, which increased numerically with higher MOLE levels. Hematological
and serum biochemistry values remained within normal ranges for healthy broilers. It was concluded that
MOLE, at up to 60ml/L, can be safely administered in the drinking water of broiler chickens without
adverse effects on their health.
GROWTH PERFORMANCE, CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS AND ECONOMICS ANALYSIS OF FINISHER BROILER CHICKENS ADMINISTERED PHYTOGENIC HORSERADISH (Moringa oleifera) LEAF EXTRACT
GROWTH PERFORMANCE, CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS AND ECONOMICS ANALYSIS OF FINISHER BROILER CHICKENS ADMINISTERED PHYTOGENIC HORSERADISH (Moringa oleifera) LEAF EXTRACT
This study evaluated the effects of Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MOLE) on the growth, carcass traits,
and economics of finisher broiler chickens. A total of 120 unsexed four-week-old Anak broilers were
divided into four treatment groups in a completely randomized design, with 30 birds per group and three
replicates. The groups received varying MOLE concentrations in water: 0ml/L (T1 - control), 20ml/L
(T2), 40ml/L (T3), and 60ml/L (T4) per liter, refreshed every three days, alongside ad libitum feed and
water. Data collection spanned 28 days. Results showed significant improvements (P<0.05) in feed
conversion ratio and weight gain for the treated groups, with the 60ml/L MOLE group (T4) achieving the
highest gains. MOLE treatments also significantly enhanced (P0.05) were observed in economic parameters, though the 60ml/L group showed better
sales performance. In conclusion, MOLE was well-tolerated by the broilers, and inclusion up to 60ml/L of
water improved growth performance, carcass traits, and economic viability, offering cost benefits at the
highest inclusion level.
INFLUENCE OF PHYTOGENIC ADDITIVE FROM ASPILIA AFRICANA EXTRACT ON CARCASS TRAITS AND ORGAN BIOMETRICS IN BROILERS
INFLUENCE OF PHYTOGENIC ADDITIVE FROM ASPILIA AFRICANA EXTRACT ON CARCASS TRAITS AND ORGAN BIOMETRICS IN BROILERS
This study investigated the influence of water-based phytogenic additive produced from Aspilia africana
leaf extract on the carcass and internal organ biometrics of broiler chickens. A total of 160 day-old Ross
308 broiler chicks in five groups of 32 each and 4 replicates of 8 birds per group were randomly allocated
to five treatment groups in a completely randomized design experiment and raised under a deep litter
system.. The birds received different concentrations of the additive in their drinking water: 0 ml (control),
5 ml, 10 ml, 15 ml, and 20 ml per litre. Clean water was provided after the additive-treated water was
consumed daily, and both feed and water were offered ad libitum. At the end of the experiment, one bird
closest to the average weight per treatment was selected from each replicate for carcass and internal organ
evaluation. Parameters measured included live weight, dressed weight, carcass weight, and internal organ
weights. Data collected were statistically analyzed using ANOVA, and Tukey’s test was used for mean
separation where differences were significant. The findings revealed that supplementation with Aspilia
africana extract at 10 ml and 15 ml per litre of water significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced live weight,
dressing percentage, and carcass yield and some internal organ weights compared to the control group.
These results suggest that additive produced from Aspilia africana leaf extract can be a natural and
effective alternative to synthetic growth promoters in broiler production, improving carcass characteristics
and internal organ weights sustainably
EFFECT OF GALLIC AND BUTYRIC ACIDS SUPPLEMENTED DIETS ON PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKENS AT STARTER PHASE
EFFECT OF GALLIC AND BUTYRIC ACIDS SUPPLEMENTED DIETS ON PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKENS AT STARTER PHASE
The effects of gallic and butyric acids supplemented diets on growth performance as an alternative to
antibiotic growth promoters were examined in a 28-day experiment using two hundred and forty(240) oneday-old, Ross 308 strain of broiler chickens. The experimental design was a Completely Randomized
Design. Broiler chickens were allotted to 10 dietary treatments with 3 replicates of 8 birds each. Treatment
1 was the basal diet with no supplements (given antibiotics), while Treatments 2, 3, and 4 were
supplemented with 0.0005, 0.0010 and 0.0015% gallic acid respectively, Treatments 5, 6, and 7 were
supplemented with 0.20, 0.30 and 0.40% butyric acid respectively, Treatment 8 was supplemented with
0.0005%, gallic acid and 0.20% butyric acid, Treatment 9 was supplemented with 0.0010% gallic acid and
0.30% butyric acid and Treatment 10 was supplemented with 0.0015% gallic acid and 0.40% butyric acid.
The inclusion of gallic acid at 0.0015% inclusion in broilers chickens diet significantly increased the weight
gain of broiler chickens and had similar feed conversion ratio when compared with the control, and the
combination of gallic and butyric acids significantly influenced feed conversion ratio positively and
increased weight gain of broiler chickens.
Growth Performance and Microbial Count of Broiler Chickens Fed Different Levels of Neem Leaf Powder in the Tropical Forest Zone
Growth Performance and Microbial Count of Broiler Chickens Fed Different Levels of Neem Leaf Powder in the Tropical Forest Zone
Microbiota in the digestive tract has become an interesting topic for researchers in recent years while the profile of
chicken digestive tract microbiota and its relationship with health and production performance have become basic issues
for modulating the diversity and abundance of the digestive tract microbiota. Research on feeding supplement was
carried out to determine the influence of dietary incorporation of neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf on growth performance
and microbial count of Arbor Acre broiler chickens for 8 weeks. Total number of 100-day-old chicks of Arbor Acre
broilers were randomly assigned into five treatments. Birds of treatment T1 (control group) were fed a basal diet (starter
and finisher), whereas in treatment groups T2, T3, T4, and T5 the basal diet was incorporated with 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%
and 0.6% neem leaf supplements, respectively. Results showed supplementation of 0.3% to 0.5% neem leaf supplement
improved the performances of Arbor Acre broiler in terms of body weight gain and microbiota index during the period
of the experiment. Conclusively, neem leaf supplement can be supplemented in feed at various levels of inclusion up
to 1% for good health status and desired performance of broiler birds.
Haematological Response of Broiler Birds to Pawpaw (Carica papaya) Leaf Infusion as an Alternative to Conventional Antibiotics
Haematological Response of Broiler Birds to Pawpaw (Carica papaya) Leaf Infusion as an Alternative to Conventional Antibiotics
Uncontrolled usage of conventional antibiotics has led to several consequences ranging from residual
contents in meat and eggs to antibiotic resistance in both animals and man, from hypersensitivity reactions,
toxicity to teratogenicity and carcinogenicity. Effects of pawpaw leaf infusion (PLI) was evaluated on the
hematological response of broiler chickens as alternative to conventional antibiotics. A total of 150 broilers
chickens was randomly distributed into five treatment groups with three replicates each in a Completely
Randomized Design. The birds were administered varying concentrations of pawpaw leaf infusion:
conventional antibiotics, no antibiotics, 10g/L, 20 g/L and 30 g/L PLI from day old for three consecutive
days after which PLI was withdrawn for a week before another three consecutive days of PLI. After six
weeks of the experiment, 5ml of blood was collected into EDTA bottles for haematological assay, from
three birds/replicate/treatment. Data were collected and analyzed on Packed Cell Volume, Haemoglobin,
Red Blood Cell, White Blood Cell, Heterophils and Monocytes were evaluated. Packed Cell Volume
showed significant difference (P<0.05) with value ranging from 26.00% (30 g/L PLI) to 38.33% (20 g/L
PLI). Haemoglobin showed significant difference (P<0.05) with value ranging from 8.46g/dL (30 g/L PLI)
to 11.73g/dL (20 g/L PLI). Red Blood Cell showed significant difference (P0.05).
Heterophils showed significant difference (P<0.05) with value ranging from 25.66% (20 g/L PLI) to 37.00%
(30 g/L PLI). Monocytes showed significant difference (P<0.05) with value ranging from 1.33% (10 g/L
PLI) to 4.00% (30 g/L PLI). Pawpaw leaf infusion up to 20 g/L can serve as an effective alternative to
antibiotics without adverse effects on the hematology of broiler.