Conference Proceedings
30th Annual Conference Proceedings of ASAN
Prof. Suleiman Makama YASHIM , Prof. Abdulmojeed Yakubu , Prof. Uchelle Okpanachi, Dr. Bello Mummuni Munza
Articles 28 Papers
ASSESSMENT OF EGG PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE IN TWO GENETIC LINES OF SHIKABROWN® CHICKEN UNDER THE PREVAILING CLIMATE CHANGE IN ZARIA, NIGERIA
ASSESSMENT OF EGG PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE IN TWO GENETIC LINES OF SHIKABROWN® CHICKEN UNDER THE PREVAILING CLIMATE CHANGE IN ZARIA, NIGERIA
Climate change poses a growing threat to livestock productivity, particularly in poultry systems reliant on optimal thermal conditions. Meteorological data on selected weather variables - temperature and relative humidity – were collected at the National Animal Production Institute weather station over twenty (20) weeks laying period to determine its real-time effects on Hen-house egg production of 100 progenies each from the two genetic lines (Sire and Dam line) of ShikaBrown® breed. The research employed multiple regression analysis and descriptive statistics to estimate short-term impacts of
weather elements over the period. The study found significant (p<0.01) real-time effects of temperature (–7.685) and humidity (–3.568) on egg production. Temperature showed a decreasing trend with the minimum (19.10°C) and maximum temperature (35.00°C) in the month of January at weeks 12 and in November at weeks 4. A minimum of 10% humidity is observed across all weeks, while the highest of 41% was recorded in November at week 1. The findings emphasized production planning with seasonal
forecasts and the need for timely climate-adapted management strategies to sustain productivity under changing climatic conditions in tropical regions.
PRELIMINARY SCREENING ON NIGERIAN CHICKEN-TYPES FOR EXTINCTION PROBABILITY
PRELIMINARY SCREENING ON NIGERIAN CHICKEN-TYPES FOR EXTINCTION PROBABILITY
This study was conducted in Borno state to assess the extinction risk of sixty (60) 6-Nigerian indigenous chicken-types; normal feathered, frizzle feathered, naked neck, shank feathered, crested feathered and rose comb based on a range of socio-economic and genetic factors. The research employed data from 60 households and examined variables including population size (POS), changes in population over the last five years (CHA), disease control (DC), economic development (ECO), cultural importance (CUL), and conservation practices (CON). Genetic diversity was assessed using heamoglobin polymorphism. The estimated extinction probabilities for the genotypes calculated based on these factors revealed an overall extinction probability of 0.58 indicating a moderate to high risk of extinction. Frizzle feathered and naked neck chickens had the highest extinction risks (0.78 and 0.73) while shank feathered chicken had the lowest
(0.28). Genetic analysis revealed varying levels of genetic distinctness between and among the chicken types, with the naked neck and normal feathered chickens showing the greatest genetic differentiation. These findings underscored the importance of targeted conservation efforts, including improved production systems, disease control, and strategic breeding programmes, to reduce extinction risks and preserve the genetic diversity of these Nigerian chicken-types. This result should be confirmed using advanced nucleic acid-based technique.
PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS OF MORPHOMETRIC TRAITS OF DONKEYS IN NORTH EASTERN NIGERIA
PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS OF MORPHOMETRIC TRAITS OF DONKEYS IN NORTH EASTERN NIGERIA
The principal component analysis of donkey in Sahel agro- ecological zone of north eastern Nigeria was evaluated. A total number of 200 donkeys were sampled randomly comprising of both males and females from donkey owners in Borno and Yobe state and were used for the study. Body weight was estimated by taking readings round the circumference of the chest girth. The body morphometric traits evaluated include: ear length (EL), height at withers(HW), body length (BL), head length (HL), height at wither (HW) and body weight. The principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to identify the main components to explain the proportion of the variance in animals’ morphometric. Principal component analysis was analyzed using SPSS version 20 by dimension reduction procedures. A total of 6 principal components (6PCs) were obtained from 12 body measurements in donkeys with 62.06 % of the total variance in body measurements. The Kaiser -mayer - olkin (KMO) and Bartlett’s test were accurate with the values of 0.67 for KMO. It can be concluded that back length with the PC1 with the total variance of 22.09%, cumulative % of 17.43% and eigen value of 3.75. The body measurement in PC1 can be used as a selection criterion to improve the performance traits of donkeys.
INFLUENCES OF SEASONS AND REBREEDING INTERVALS ON GROWTH INDICES OF KITS OF HYLA RABBITS IN SOUTH-WEST, NIGERIA
INFLUENCES OF SEASONS AND REBREEDING INTERVALS ON GROWTH INDICES OF KITS OF HYLA RABBITS IN SOUTH-WEST, NIGERIA
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of seasons and rebreeding intervals on the growth of kits of Hyla rabbits. Forty mature rabbits, comprising thirty-two does and eight bucks of an average body weight of 2,600 ± 100 g, were used for the study. Records of growth indices of kits from thirty-two does in four sub-seasons of a year: late rain (S1), early dry (S2), late dry (S3), and early rain (S4) were used to determine the seasonal effects. The thirty-two does were randomly allotted into four experimental treatments: two-week (T1), four-week (T2), six-week (T3), and eight-week (T4) rebreeding intervals to examine the influences of rebreeding intervals on the kits. Data obtained were subjected to one-way analysis of variance. The results showed that litter weaning weight (LWW), average weaning weight (AWW), litter size at the 12th week, and litter weight at the 12th week were significantly (p<0.05) higher in both late rain (S1) (2544.52 g, 516.52 g, 4.17, and 5436.39 g, respectively) and early dry (S2) (2340.74 g, 480.39 g, 4.04, and 4986.13 g, respectively). LWW, AWW, and average weight at the 12th week were significantly (p<0.05) higher in the six-week rebreeding interval (T3) (2576.40 g, 546.75 g, and 1318.30 g, respectively). However, mortality between weaning and the 12th week was significantly (p<0.05) higher in S3 (13.94), S4 (14.39), and T1 (10.40). It was concluded that late rain, early dry seasons, and a six-week rebreeding interval had favourable influences on the growth of kits of Hyla rabbits
DISCRIMINANT FUNCTION ANALYSIS OF BODY WEIGHT AND GROWTH CONFORMATION TRAITS OF SOME NIGRIAN BREEDS OF CATTLE
DISCRIMINANT FUNCTION ANALYSIS OF BODY WEIGHT AND GROWTH CONFORMATION TRAITS OF SOME NIGRIAN BREEDS OF CATTLE
A study was conducted to determine the discriminant function analysis of body weight and body conformation traits among selected Nigerian indigenous cattle. Four (4) Local Government Areas (LGAs) from Adamawa and Taraba States, three (3) from Gombe State and two (2) from Sokoto State were selected. Snowball sampling method was used to sample (1,008) cattle, which consists of 162 Adamawa Gudali, (306) Sokoto Gudali, (234) Bunaji and (306) Rahaji cattle from pastoralists in most communities of the LGAs using purposive sampling techniques. Data were collected on body weight, face length, head width, horn length, ear length, neck length, neck circumference, fore leg length, height at withers, chest girth, body length, loin girth, rump height, rear leg length and tail length. Discriminant function analysis was used to determine the variable with discriminating power and large canonical coefficients among variables using (SAS) statistical software package. Significant (p<0.05; 0.01) discriminating powers were observed among other variables measured, such as height at wither (0.7402), body weight (0.7272), chest girth (0.6356), rump height (0.6321), body length (0.6266), face length (0.5038), loin girth (0.4905), neck circumference (0.4540), fore leg length (0.4241) and rear leg length (0.4110), which had high discriminating power in the first canonical function than other variables. Neck circumference exhibited a consisted levels of discriminating power across the three functions. Significant low to high (p<0.05; 0.01) canonical correlation variances were observed in fourth (0.1779), third (0.3685), second (0.5286) and first (0.9537) functions respectively. Stepwise discriminant analysis revealed that height at withers, body weight, chest girth, rump height and body length had the best discriminating powers than other variables studied.
REGRESSION EQUATIONS FOR THE ESTIMATION OF BODY WEIGHT IN FUNAAB ALPHA BROILER CHICKEN
REGRESSION EQUATIONS FOR THE ESTIMATION OF BODY WEIGHT IN FUNAAB ALPHA BROILER CHICKEN
The objective of this study was to predict the bodyweight of FUNAAB Alpha broiler line of three genotypes (Normal feather, frizzle feather and necked neck) using linear body measurements. Bodyweight and three body measurements namely breast girth, shank length, and keel lengths were measured at weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10. The birds were intensively raised, fed ad-libitum. PROG REG was used to generate regression equations for predicting bodyweight with other body measurement for each week and coefficient of determination (R2) was used to determine the best fit equation in predicting body weight with linear measurements. The genotype (frizzle feather) had the highest value
(93.28%) of R2 followed by naked neck (93.18%) and normal respectively which means as they increased in weight gain, and also male had the highest growth performance when compared with female. We can conclude that all three ecotypes of FUNAAB Alpha broiler line of chickens increased in body weight gain as the weeks increased; however, FUNAAB Alpha broiler line of frizzle feather has the highest weight gain from week 2 to week 10.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND IN-VITRO DIGESTIBILITY OF BLENDED RATIOS OF WHEAT OFFAL AND WET SORGHUM BREWER RESIDUE
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND IN-VITRO DIGESTIBILITY OF BLENDED RATIOS OF WHEAT OFFAL AND WET SORGHUM BREWER RESIDUE
This study evaluated the chemical composition and in-vitro digestibility of blended ratios of wheat offal
and wet sorghum brewer residue. Fresh wet sorghum brewer residue (WSBR) was collected from local
gin (Burukutu) producers and blended with wheat offal (w/w); 1WO: 1WSBR, 1WO: 1.5WSBR, 1WO:
1.2WSBR, 1WO: 2.5WSB, 1WO: 1.3WSBR and 1WO: 3.5WSBR, arranged in a Completely
Randomised Design. The blends were air-dried for 3 days. Samples of blended ratios were analysed for
chemical composition, and in-vitro digestibility study according to standard procedures. The dry matter
contents of ratios 1:1, 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3 and 1:3.5 were significantly higher (p<0.05) than the 1:1.5 ratio. The
crude fibre content significantly increased (p<0.05) as the blended ratio increased. The carbohydrate
fractions of 1:2, 1:2.5 and 1:3 were significantly higher (p<0.05) than that of ratios 1:1 and 1:1.5. The
neutral detergent fibre was significantly higher (p<0.05) in ratio 1:3.5 than other blended ratios
Furthermore, the hemicellulose content was significantly highest (p<0.05) in ratios 1:1.5, 1:2.5 as well as
1:3 than ratio 1:1 and least 1:3.5. The gas production was significantly highest (p<0.05) ratio 1:1 from 3 -
24 hours of in-vitro digestibility compared to other ratios. It could be therefore concluded that increasing
blended ratios of wheat offal and wet sorghum brewer residue led to improved nutrient contents and invitro dry matter digestibility.
ASSESSMENT OF SMALL RUMINANT PRODUCTION AND MANGE TREATMENT IN THE FIVE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS OF OGBOMOSO, OYO STATE
ASSESSMENT OF SMALL RUMINANT PRODUCTION AND MANGE TREATMENT IN THE FIVE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS OF OGBOMOSO, OYO STATE
This study examined the socio-demographic characteristics, feed resource utilization, management systems and mange prevalence of small ruminant production across five Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Oyo State, Nigeria. Structured questionnaires were administered to livestock keepers, and data were analysed using descriptive statistics and inferential tests. Results revealed notable variation in age structure, gender participation, income levels, and species composition. Youth (<40 years) predominated in Ogbomoso South (26.9%) and Oriire (20.0%), while older farmers (41–50 years) were more common in Ogo-Oluwa (46.7%) and Surulere (58.6%). Women were the majority in Oriire (73.3%), Ogo-Oluwa (80.0%), and Surulere (75.9%). Income distribution ranged from subsistencelevel earnings (₦100,000/year) in Ogbomoso North (66.7%) and Ogo-Oluwa (60.0%). Feed resource diversity varied significantly, with higher use of concentrates and industrial by-products in Ogo-Oluwa and Surulere. Management systems ranged from extensive (Surulere, 86.2%) to intensive (Ogo-Oluwa, 100%), with significant differences (P < 0.05). Mange prevalence was highest in Oriire (100%), with low adoption of neem extract for control. Recommendations include promoting semi-intensive management, targeted feed supplementation, and herbal-based disease control to enhance sustainability and farmer livelihoods.
MINERAL COMPOSITION AND ANTI-NUTRITIONAL FACTORS OF SOME SELECTED FORAGES AS FEED FOR SMALL RUMINANTS
MINERAL COMPOSITION AND ANTI-NUTRITIONAL FACTORS OF SOME SELECTED FORAGES AS FEED FOR SMALL RUMINANTS
The mineral composition and anti-nutritional factors of five selected plants Alchornea cordifolia, Caricapapaya, Derris trifoliata, Leucaena leucocephala and Heteropogon cortortus were evaluated. Flamephotometer was used to determine Na, K, and Ca while Zn and Fe were assayed. Anti- nutritional factors(ANFs) including phytate, oxalate, saponin, alkaloid and tannin were also determined using appropriatetechnique. The result of the mineral analysis indicates that Heteropogon cortortus had significantly(P<0.05) highest values for Na (0.326%), Ca (0.359%), P (0.41%), Fe (148.80ppm), Zn (81.95ppm), Mn(61.65ppm) and Cu (19.05ppm). Derris trifoliata had significantly (P<0.05) higher value for Mg(0.443%) while Alchornea cordifolia recorded a lower value of 0.242% for Mg. There were significant(P<0.05) differences in all the anti-nutritional factors analysed except in saponin. The highest saponinnumerical value (0.433%) was observed in Derris trifoliata while the least value 0.260% was observed inAlchornea cordifolia. Tannin values ranged between 0.0047% and 0.0073% in Alchornea cordifolia andDerris trifoliata respectively. The significantly (P<0.05) highest oxalate value (0.315%) was recorded inHeteropogon cortortus while the least value (0.205%) was observed in Alchornea cordifolia. The resultsshowed that the selected plants were of high nutritional quality due to the high mineral contents withmoderate presence of anti-nutritional factors, and may therefore form good feed resources for ruminantanimal production.
HAEMATO-SEROLOGICAL INDICES OF WEST AFRICAN DWARF GOATS FED BOILED WILD AERIEL YAM (DIOSCOREA BULBIFERA) MEAL-BASED DIETS
HAEMATO-SEROLOGICAL INDICES OF WEST AFRICAN DWARF GOATS FED BOILED WILD AERIEL YAM (DIOSCOREA BULBIFERA) MEAL-BASED DIETS
An animal's blood profile reflects its overall health condition. This study evaluated the haematological and
serum biochemical effects of feeding West African dwarf (WAD) goats diets containing boiled wild
Dioscorea bulbifera meal at 0% (control, T1), 10% (T2), 20% (T3), and 30% (T4) inclusion levels, alongside
rice bran, brewers dried grains, palm kernel cake, bone meal, and salt. Sixteen goats were assigned to four
treatments in a completely randomised design with four replicates each. After eight weeks, blood samples
from two goats per treatment were analysed for haematological and serum biochemical parameters. Results
showed significant differences (p0.05) in red blood cells,
white blood cells and globulin. Although some of the parameters exhibited significant (p<0.05) differences
in their values among the treatment groups, data obtained for all the parameters were within the normal
ranges for healthy WAD goats, indicating that boiled wild Dioscorea bulbifera at 10–30% inclusion had no
adverse effects on blood profiles, thus being a safe non-conventional feedstuff for West African dwarf
goats. Further research involving inclusion level above 30% is therefore suggested to ascertain the safe
level of wild aerial yam as a nonconventional feedstuff to WAD goats.