Conference Proceedings
30th Annual Conference Proceedings of ASAN
Prof. Suleiman Makama YASHIM , Prof. Abdulmojeed Yakubu , Prof. Uchelle Okpanachi, Dr. Bello Mummuni Munza
Articles 201 Papers
GENETIC VARIATIONS IN GROWTH TRAITS OF THREE BREEDS OF BROILER CHICKENS INOCULATED WITH Salmonella typhimurium VACCINE
GENETIC VARIATIONS IN GROWTH TRAITS OF THREE BREEDS OF BROILER CHICKENS INOCULATED WITH Salmonella typhimurium VACCINE
This study investigated the effect of genotype on body weights and linear traits of three breeds of broiler
chickens (Arbor acre, Ross 308, and Cobb 500) challenged with Salmonella typhimurium vaccine.
Seventy-five (75) day-old broiler chicks comprised of twenty-five (25) each of the three breeds were used
for this study. Body weight and growth traits which include body length, height, wing length, breast girth,
drum stick, shank length and thigh length of the birds were taken on a weekly basis from 1 day-old to 8
weeks of age. Data were analyzed using the General Linear Model (GLM) Procedure of SAS. The results
showed significant (P<0.05) differences in body weights and linear traits among the breeds, with Cobb
500 having the highest body weight (439.27 and 3834.27g at weeks 2 and 8 respectively) from week 2
onwards. Cobb 500 also had the longest (P<0.05) value for most linear traits examined. The study
concluded that Cobb 500 broiler chicken is heavier than Arbor Acre and Ross 308, and recommended
exploiting the genetic differences among the breeds for genetic improvement of tropical broiler breeds.
ANALYSES OF EXON 10 OF THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE RECEPTOR GENE IN MEAT-TYPE FUNAAB ALPHA CHICKEN GENOTYPES
ANALYSES OF EXON 10 OF THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE RECEPTOR GENE IN MEAT-TYPE FUNAAB ALPHA CHICKEN GENOTYPES
The thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) gene is involved in growth regulation, brain
development, behaviour and other chemical reactions in the body. This study analysed TSHR gene (exon
10) in meat-type FUNAAB Alpha chickens. Blood samples were collected from 32 meat-type FUNAAB
Alpha chickens comprising normal feather, naked neck and frizzle feather. Single Nucleotide
Polymorphisms (SNPs) in the gene were identified using Codon Code Aligner software (v.10.0.2 DEMO).
The selective forces acting on the gene were predicted with MEGA7 and PROSITE software respectively.
Two non-synonymous SNPs (614G>A and 720T>G) were identified in normal feather chickens, while one
non-synonymous SNP (863G>T) was identified in naked neck chickens. The minor allele frequencies of
the SNPs ranged from 0.13 in normal feather to 0.25 in frizzle feather chickens.
DEVELOPMENT OF PREDICTIVE MODEL FOR ESTIMATING BODY WEIGHT IN SHEEP AND GOAT USING LINEAR BODY MEASUREMENTS
DEVELOPMENT OF PREDICTIVE MODEL FOR ESTIMATING BODY WEIGHT IN SHEEP AND GOAT USING LINEAR BODY MEASUREMENTS
Body weight estimation in small ruminants such as sheep and goats is essential for making informed
decisions related to nutrition, health management, selection, and breeding. In many rural and resourcelimited settings, direct weighing is impractical due to lack of facilities. This study aimed at developing
and validating a predictive model to estimate live weight in sheep and goats using linear body
measurements. A total of 200 animals were assessed, with data collected on live weight, body length
(BL), height at withers (HW), and heart girth (HG). Multiple linear regression models were developed
and evaluated. The results analyzed using SPSS v20 demonstrated a strong relationship between these
morphometric traits and body weight (R2 = 0.85, p < 0.05). Among the traits, heart girth and body length
were the most consistent and significant predictors of body weight. The study presents a practical, costeffective tool for farmers, extension workers, and animal scientists for rapid estimation of live weight
in field conditions, thereby reducing dependence on conventional weighing equipment and
improvement livestock management decisions.
GENETIC PARAMETERS AND TRANSGENERATIONAL EFFECTS OF THE SAUSAGE TREE (Kigelia africana) SUPPLEMENTATION ON GROWTH AND BIOMETRIC TRAITS IN NOILER CHICKS
GENETIC PARAMETERS AND TRANSGENERATIONAL EFFECTS OF THE SAUSAGE TREE (Kigelia africana) SUPPLEMENTATION ON GROWTH AND BIOMETRIC TRAITS IN NOILER CHICKS
Noiler chickens, a hybrid breed developed for dual-purpose production, exhibit unique genetic parameters for growth and linear body measurements traits. This study presents estimates of heritability (h²) and genetic correlations (rG) for live body weight (LBW) and linear body measurements (body length (BL), shank length (SL), wing length (WL), chest girth (CG), wing span (WS), and comb length (CL) in Noiler chicks at 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks of age, derived from a paternal half-sib mating arrangement involving 63 chicks.
Heritability was calculated as h² = σ²s / (σ²s + σ²w), and genetic correlations as rG = σA1A2 / √(σ²A1 ×σ²A2). Data obtained in the Completely Randomized Experimental (CRD) layout were analyzed using One- way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results showed moderate to high h2 for LBW (0.20–0.45), BL (0.33–0.45), and CG (0.25–0.45), indicating reasonable potential for genetic selection. On the other hand, WS (0.06–0.17) and CL (0.15) exhibited very low h2, suggesting greater environmental influences on the
phenotypic values obtained. Furthermore, strong positive correlations of (rG = 0.450/ 0.593) between LBW and CG/ WL respectively, observed at mid-growth stages support multi-trait selection for improved carcass yield and body conformation. This study provides foundational information that can aid breeding programmes to enhance productivity of the Noiler in tropical environments, particularly in Nigeria.
GENETIC RELATIONSHIP AMONG GROWTH BIOMETRICS OF INDIGENOUS RED SOKOTO AND EXOTIC BOER GOATS IN SEMI ARID, KANO
GENETIC RELATIONSHIP AMONG GROWTH BIOMETRICS OF INDIGENOUS RED SOKOTO AND EXOTIC BOER GOATS IN SEMI ARID, KANO
The study aims to determine relationship among growth biometrics of Red Sokoto and exotic Boer
breeds. Live body weights (kg) and morphometric traits (cm) of the two breeds were measured on
monthly basis for a period of one year at the goat herd of the Centre for Dryland Agriculture, Bayero
University, Kano. Data analyses were executed using JMP pro 14.0 Statistical Analysis System (SAS).
The result revealed positive and highly significant (p<0.01) correlations between body weight and most of
the morphometric variables for the Boer breed. It was observed that strong positive relationship exists
between body weight and wither height, hip height, body length, chest depth and heart girth (r = 0.73;
0.72; 0.71; 0.75 and 0.86), respectively. Heart girth was high and positively correlated to wither height,
hip height, right horn length, left horn length, body length and chest depth (r=0.75; 0.74; 0.78; 0.77; 0.71
and 0.79), respectively. In comparison to the Boer goats, Red Sokoto goats recorded from small to
positive significant (p<0.05) correlation coefficients between body weight and other measured traits.
However, highest correlation coefficients were observed in hip height with wither height (r = 0.79) and
left horn length with right horn length (r = 0.95). The positive correlations in these traits showed they are
influenced by the same genes. Therefore, selecting for one trait will likely lead to improvement in the
other correlated trait.
IDENTIFICATION OF SNPs IN THE EXON 2 REGION OF MHC CLASS II GENE (BoLA DRALPHA) IN WHITE FULANI AND ITS HYBRID
IDENTIFICATION OF SNPs IN THE EXON 2 REGION OF MHC CLASS II GENE (BoLA DRALPHA) IN WHITE FULANI AND ITS HYBRID
This study characterized single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within exon 2 of the BoLA-DR-ALPHA
gene across White Fulani cattle (Bos indicus) and their hybrid counterparts in Nigeria. As a critical
component of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class II pathway, BoLA-DR-ALPHA
facilitates antigen presentation and influences disease resilience. Through bidirectional Sanger sequencing
of 30 genomic samples (15 pure White Fulani, 15 White Fulani × Girolando/Holstein hybrids), we identified
23 SNPs, including 14 non-synonymous variants. Hybrid populations exhibited 56% greater SNP diversity
alongside elevated heterozygosity values (0.68 versus 0.45 in purebreds). Phylogenetic reconstruction
revealed distinct clustering of White Fulani with Bos taurus, whereas hybrids demonstrated genetic
introgression from Sokoto Gudali lineages. Computational predictions identified five non-synonymous
SNPs with potentially deleterious impacts on antigen-binding function. These findings illuminate the role
of BoLA-DR-ALPHA diversity in tropical adaptation and inform strategies for preserving disease resilience
within crossbreeding initiatives.
TRUE DIGESTIBILITY OF PHOSPHORUS BY ROSS 308 BROILER CHICKENS FED DRIED CABBAGE MEAL DIETS SUPPLEMENTED WITH EXOGENOUS PHYTASE
TRUE DIGESTIBILITY OF PHOSPHORUS BY ROSS 308 BROILER CHICKENS FED DRIED CABBAGE MEAL DIETS SUPPLEMENTED WITH EXOGENOUS PHYTASE
One hundred and forty-four 21- day- old broiler chicks (BCs) were assigned to the six experimental diets
in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement with six replicates of eight birds each. Six dried cabbage meal (DCM)-
based semi-purified diets (100, 200, and 300g/kg) containing three levels of Total Phosphorus (TP, g/Kg):
2.85, 3.50, and 4.15 with or without phytase (1000 units/Kg) were formulated. Titanium dioxide (5 g/Kg)
was included as a marker in the experiments. The BCs were fed for eight days, and fresh excreta were
collected from day’s five to seven. On day eight, the ileal digesta was harvested after slaughtering. Ileal
EPL (Endogenous Phosphorus Loss), total tract EPL, TIPD (True Ileal Phosphorus Digestibility), and True
Phosphorus Retention (TPR) were estimated. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, linear
regression. Total Tract Phosphorus retention of phytase-supplemented diets was 1.28, 1.51, and 1.88, which
were higher (P<0.05) than those without phytase (1.26, 1.53, and 1.68), except for diets with 200g/kg
inclusion of DCM. Estimated ileal EPL for birds fed phytase-supplemented and un-supplemented diets
(g/kg DMI) were 0.025 and 0.8807, respectively. Phytase reduced (P<0.05) ileal EPL and total tract EPL
by 85.57% and 13.09%, respectively. Supplementation with phytase significantly (P<0.05) increased TIPD
and TPR by 42.37% and 20.57 respectively. Phytase supplementation of DCM-based diets improved
(P<0.05) total tract phosphorus retention, true ileal phosphorus digestibility, and reduced (P<0.05)
endogenous phosphorus losses in broiler chickens.
IN OVO VITAMIN B6 SUPPLEMENTATION AT DIFFERENT EMBRYONIC DAYS INFLUENCES DUODENAL MORPHOLOGY IN GUINEA FOWL
IN OVO VITAMIN B6 SUPPLEMENTATION AT DIFFERENT EMBRYONIC DAYS INFLUENCES DUODENAL MORPHOLOGY IN GUINEA FOWL
This study investigated the effects of in ovo vitamin B6 administration at different embryonic days on
duodenal morphology of guinea fowl keets (Numida meleagris). A total of 160 fertile eggs from a
commercial breeder in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria, were incubated under standard conditions. Fertility
was 73.68% (n = 112). Eggs were assigned to four groups: Control (no injection), and in ovo injection of
0.05 ml vitamin B6 (100 µg in deionized water) into the amnion on embryonic days (EDs) 21, 23, and 25.
The keets hatched were 26 in the control, 16 keets from eggs injected on embryonic day 21, 14 keets from
eggs injected on embryonic day 23, and 26 keets from eggs injected on embryonic day 25. The keets were
reared for 10 weeks, and at day 70, two keets per group were slaughtered for duodenal histomorphology.
Data obtained were subjected to Analysis of Variance in a Completely Randomized Design. Vitamin B6
significantly (p<0.05) increased smooth muscle thickness of the guinea fowls’ duodenum, with those
from eggs injected on ED23 having the highest value (0.26 µm), while the villus and crypt were
unaffected. The study concluded that in ovo injection of 0.05 ml of vitamin B6 on ED23 could improve
intestinal muscle development and potentially enhance post-hatch nutrient utilization in guinea fowl.
Yield and Chemical composition of Leaf protein concentrates and bagasse obtained from Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) using two extraction methods
Yield and Chemical composition of Leaf protein concentrates and bagasse obtained from Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) using two extraction methods
This study was carried out to determine the yield, physical properties and chemical composition of leaf
protein concentrates and bagasse obtained from Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) leaves using two
extraction methods. The extraction was done using heat coagulation and alum precipitation methods, after
which the leaf protein concentrates and bagasse obtained were analysed for some chemical composition.
The yield of Leaf Protein Concentrate (LPC) obtained from alum precipitation method (6.36%) was higher
than LPC obtained from heat coagulation method (4.46%) and this difference was statistically significant
and hence, it can be said that alum precipitation method is more efficient. From the chemical analysis, the
DM for heat coagulation method (93.60%), alum precipitation method (85.70%) and the bagasse (95.00%)
were not significantly different. Crude protein (CP) (39.44%) and ether extract (EE) (17.38%) of the LPC
from alum precipitation was better (P<0.05) than CP (33.45%) and EE (10.06%) of the LPC obtained using
heat coagulation method while the CP and EE of bagasse was 3.92% and 4.10%. The Ash (3.36%) and CF
(34.02%) of bagasse was substantial and the Ash (5.51%) of LPC obtained from alum precipitation method
and Ash (3.73%) of LPC from heat coagulation method were not different while CF from heat coagulation
method (1.76%) and alum precipitation method (1.43%) were not significantly different. The nitrogen-free
extract (NFE) of bagasse (51.70%) and of LPC from heat coagulation extraction method (49.73%) were
significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of LPC obtained from alum precipitation (37.48%). The results from
the two extraction methods showed that the yield of CLPC was quite comparable and these may serve as
an alternative for the more expensive protein feedstuffs like soybean meal, groundnut cake and other protein
feedstuffs in feed formulation considering the high protein content, although CLPC from heat coagulation
would be preferred because of its higher CP and could be used as feed for ruminants and also ensiled and
used for dry season feeding when feed is scarce.
Influencing the Proximate, Mineral, Vitamins, Anti-Nutrient and Amino acid profile of Red Kidney Bean with Different Processing Methods
Influencing the Proximate, Mineral, Vitamins, Anti-Nutrient and Amino acid profile of Red Kidney Bean with Different Processing Methods
The study was conducted to evaluate the proximate composition, vitamins, minerals, levels of antinutritional factors and amino acid profile of Red kidney bean (Phaseoulus vulgaris) seeds subjected to
different processing methods. Each representative sample was analysed for Crude Protein, Crude
Fibre, Either Extract Nitrogen Free extract, Amino-acids and levels of anti-nutritional factors using
standard laboratory procedure. The result indicated an increase in the CP (21.03 to 23.87%), ash (3.10
to 3.27%), with a decreased in CF (3.48 to 3.06%)) EE, (3.69 to 2.87%), NFE (56.28 to 46.81%) and
some amino acid content as lysine (7.09 to 7.28%), methionine (1.58 to 1.63%) while threonine (3.31
to 3. 42%) value decreased. SimilarlyTanins, oxalates, phytates, saponins and flavonoids were
decreased. Taninis (1.03 to 1.12mg/100g), oxalates (0.93 to 1.26mg/100g), phytate (0.95 to
1.18mg/100g) and flavonoids (0.82 to 1.70mg/100g) which were significant (P<0.05) decreased.
Values obtained for the vitamins and minerals were increased with processing. Vitamins A (18.21 to
72.42g/100g), Vitamin B2 (0.29 to o.31g/100g) Vitamin C (3.90 to 4.30g/100g) were significantly
(P0.05). It can be concluded that
processing methods as Toasting, and Dhulling has beneficial influence but Boiling has the most
influence in improving the nutritional quality of Red Kidney Bean seed (Phaseolus vulgaris) seed.