Conference Proceedings
30th Annual Conference Proceedings of ASAN
Prof. Suleiman Makama YASHIM , Prof. Abdulmojeed Yakubu , Prof. Uchelle Okpanachi, Dr. Bello Mummuni Munza
Articles 201 Papers
PROTEOMIC PROFILING OF HETEROGENEOUS RABBIT POPULATIONS IN NIGERIA: A REVIEW
PROTEOMIC PROFILING OF HETEROGENEOUS RABBIT POPULATIONS IN NIGERIA: A REVIEW
In Nigeria, rabbit farming is a big livestock industry that supports the nation's economy and food security.
On the other hand, little is known about the proteome profiles and genetic diversity of Nigerian rabbit
populations. The analysis of all the proteins in a biological sample, known as proteomic profiling, has
proven to be an effective method for determining the molecular foundations of rabbit traits. This review
identifies the prospects and challenges of proteomic profiling of heterogeneous rabbit populations in
Nigeria. It can however be concluded that proteomic profiling will aid in the improvements of rabbit stocks
in Nigeria. By applying this knowledge to develop more efficient breeding techniques, rabbit farming in
Nigeria can become more sustainable and productive overall. By combining proteomic data with other
omics technologies, researchers can better understand the biology of rabbits and develop targeted strategies
to improve rabbit farming in Nigeria.
COMBINED PHYTOTHERAPEUTIC EVALUATION OF RECTAL TEMPERATURE AND SURVIVAL ON TRYPANOSOMA EVANSI INFECTED MICE
COMBINED PHYTOTHERAPEUTIC EVALUATION OF RECTAL TEMPERATURE AND SURVIVAL ON TRYPANOSOMA EVANSI INFECTED MICE
Survival rates and rectal temperatures of mice infected with Trypanosoma (T.) evansi were evaluated. A
total of 20 male weaned albino mice infected with T. evansi were randomly grouped with 5 replicates per
group using the completely randomized design. Group 1- infected untreated control, group 2- treated
with 0.9mg/ml of combined antitrypanosomal plant oral therapy, group 3- treated with 1.8mg/ml of the
combined plant therapy and group 4- treated with 3.6mg/ml of the combined plant therapy. Data collected
were subjected to descriptive statistics, one way ANOVA and presented as histogram chart. Results of the
rectal temperature revealed a significantly (P<0.05) lowered rectal temperature and higher survival time
of group 3. The study revealed antipyretic properties of the 0.8mg/ml combined plant therapy and no cure
of the oral aqueous plant therapy doses.
AMINO ACIDS AND FATTY ACIDS COMPOSITIONS OF MEAT AND MEAT PRODUCTS AND THEIR ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES; A REVIEW
AMINO ACIDS AND FATTY ACIDS COMPOSITIONS OF MEAT AND MEAT PRODUCTS AND THEIR ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES; A REVIEW
This review examines the amino acids and fatty acids compositions of meat and meat products, along
with their analytical techniques. Proteins in meat contain twenty (20) amino acids, including twelve (12)
essential ones critical for human nutrition, with variations observed across species (beef, lamb, pork).
Analytical methods for amino acids involve extraction, deproteinisation, and chromatographic analysis.
Fatty acids, primarily triglycerides and phospholipids are in abundance in meat, analysed via lipid
extraction, methylation, and gas chromatography (GC). Key findings include species-specific profiles of
saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), with palmitic
(C16:0) and oleic (C18:1) acids dominating. Processing and storage significantly impact amino acids
availability and fatty acids stability. The study underscores the importance of standardised analytical
protocols to ensure accurate nutritional assessment of meat products.
MEAT QUALITY OF BROILER CHICKEN FED DIET SUPPLEMENTED WITH VARYING LEVEL OF FENUGREEK AND GINGER POWDER BLEND
MEAT QUALITY OF BROILER CHICKEN FED DIET SUPPLEMENTED WITH VARYING LEVEL OF FENUGREEK AND GINGER POWDER BLEND
A total of one hundred sixty (160) unsexed day-old broiler chick (Ross 308) were used to determine effect
of fenugreek and ginger powder blend on meat quality. They were randomly allotted to four dietary
treatments groups which include T1- control diet, T2-2g/kg, T3-4g/kg and T4-6g/kg of 40 bird per treatment
and (4) replicates of 10 birds and were arranged in a completely randomized design. Data were collected
on meat quality such as water absorptive power, cook loss, refrigeration loss, sensory evaluation and
proximate composition. Highest (p<0.05) crude protein (24.06) was recorded with broiler chicken fed diet
containing 6g/kg of fenugreek and ginger blend while broiler chicken fed control diet had least (21.39).
Moisture content recorded highest (p<0.05) value (68.55) with broiler chicken fed diet containing 2g/kg
while the least (66.34) with broiler chicken fed diet that contained (66.34). Highest (p<0.05) aroma (2.22)
was obtained with broiler chicken fed diet that contained 4g/kg of fenugreek and ginger blend while broiler
chicken fed control diet had least (1.40). It was concluded that the use of 4g/kg of fenugreek and ginger
powder in the diet improves meat quality.
INFLUENCE OF THORN APPLE AND TURMERIC POWDER BLEND ON MEAT QUALITY OF BROILER CHICKEN
INFLUENCE OF THORN APPLE AND TURMERIC POWDER BLEND ON MEAT QUALITY OF BROILER CHICKEN
A total of two hundred (200) unsexed day-old Abor acres chicks were used to determine the effect of
turmeric and thorn apple on organoleptic and meat quality of broiler chicken. The birds were randomly
allotted to five (5) dietary treatments at 40 birds of 4 replicates (10 birds per replicate) each. T1 serves as
the control, T2, T3, T4 and T5 contained 2, 4, 6 and 8g of blended thorn apple and turmeric powder per
kilogram diet, respectively. The birds were fed for six (6) weeks after which 2 birds per replicate were
randomly selected and sacrificed. Meat samples were obtained from the samples and used for organoleptic
and quality analysis. Data collected on meat quality of the broiler chickens showed that highest (P<0.05)
cooking loss (43.47%) was recorded from broiler bird fed diet containing 2g/kg of thorn apple and turmeric
blend while broiler fed diet containing 8g/kg had the least (36.82%) value. Highest value (P<0.05) of
refrigeration loss (5.40%) was recorded from broiler bird fed diet containing 4g/kg of thorn apple and
turmeric blend while broiler fed control diet (0g/kg) had the least (0.00). The highest value (3.00) was
recorded at 8g blend for aroma while the least value (1.00) was recorded at 4g. Appearance had highest
value (3.50) recorded at 6g while the least value (2.00) was recorded from 4g. It was concluded base on the
result obtained that utilization of turmeric and thorn apple blend at 2g/kg had positive effect on meat quality
of broiler chicken and can be utilized by poultry farmers.
Carcass Traits, Sensory Attributes, and Meat Lipid Profile of Rabbits Fed a Synergistic Diet of Vernonia amygdalina Leaf Meal and Mucuna pruriens Seed Meal
Carcass Traits, Sensory Attributes, and Meat Lipid Profile of Rabbits Fed a Synergistic Diet of Vernonia amygdalina Leaf Meal and Mucuna pruriens Seed Meal
This study explored Vernonia amygdalina leaf meal (VALM) and Mucuna pruriens seed meal (MPSM) as
alternative protein sources in rabbit diets. Thirty-six weaner rabbits were assigned to four treatments in a
Completely Randomized Design: control (0% VALM + 0% MPSM), and test diets with 7.5% VALM + 2.5%
MPSM, 5% VALM + 5% MPSM, and 2.5% VALM + 7.5% MPSM. Fed ad libitum for 8 weeks, data on carcass
characteristics, sensory properties, and lipid profiles were collected. No significant differences (p>0.05)
occurred in live weight or visceral organ weights. However, the 2.5% VALM + 7.5% MPSM diet improved
dressed weight, carcass yield, and loin weight. Sensory evaluation showed significant differences in juiciness
and tenderness. The lipid profile indicated reduced triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol, with
increased HDL-cholesterol in VALM-MPSM groups. Synergistic VALM and MPSM inclusion enhances
carcass quality meat’s nutritional profile, while the sensory properties was unaffected supporting sustainable
livestock production.
Evaluation of meat quality and organoleptic properties of broiler chicken fed soybean milk residuebased diets
Evaluation of meat quality and organoleptic properties of broiler chicken fed soybean milk residuebased diets
The meat quality and organoleptic properties of broiler chickens were evaluated using 150 day-old Sayed
broiler chicks with an average weight of 40g each, which were fed graded levels of soybean milk residue.
Experimental chicks were randomly assigned to 5 dietary treatments (T1, T2, T3, T4, & T5) with 30 chicks
per treatment in a Completely Randomised Design (CRD). Diets including graded levels of soybean milk
residue at 19% (T1), 18.5% (T2), 18% (T3) and 17.5% (T4) respectively were formulated for the treatment,
and a control diet (T5) that did not contain soybean milk residue but sourced from a reputable commercial
feed (Chikun broiler feeds). After feeding the birds with the diets for 8 weeks, the physiochemical
composition and sensory properties of the broiler meat were measured. Data obtained from the study were
subjected to Analysis of variance (ANOVA) appropriate using the Minitab16 statistical software. There
was no significant difference (p>0.05) in all the parameters measured except for aroma and taste. It was
concluded that soybean milk residue ensured good meat constituent of the broiler chickens, and
recommended that 17.5-19 % soybean milk residue in broiler diets contributed to the post mortem meat
quality and sensory properties of the broiler chicken.
EFFECT OF COOKING ON THE NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF COWHIDE (PONMO) AND BEEF SOLD IN BUKURU, JOS-SOUTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT
EFFECT OF COOKING ON THE NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF COWHIDE (PONMO) AND BEEF SOLD IN BUKURU, JOS-SOUTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT
Slaughtered animals such as cows provide many edible products including meat and cowhide which is
processed and consumed as a delicacy in many African countries including Nigeria. The nutritional
quality of meat has been undisputed for ages. However, the contribution of the processed cowhide
(ponmo), an affordable substitute for meat, to human nutrition has remained contradictory with many
believing it has no nutrients at all. When protein sources such as meat are cooked, there is a reduction in
its weight and nutrients due to cooking loss. This work compared the nutritional quality of the meat and
ponmo and also assessed the effect cooking on nutrient quality. Samples were collected, packaged and
taken to the laboratory raw while a portion was cooked before being transported to the laboratory for
analysis. Proximate composition was analyzed using standard procedure as described by8
.The result
shows that moisture content was statistically (p<0.05) higher in fresh meat and cowhide samples
compared to that of the cooked samples. Crude protein was higher (p<0.05) in meat samples than
cowhide. Lipid was significantly higher in cooked forms of both beef and cowhide while cooked cowhide
showed a significantly higher (p<0.05) N.F.E. values compared to beef. Cooking significantly reduced
reduced the M.E. in of cowhide. From the result, it was concluded that the nutritive value of cowhide
especially in terms of protein content, lipids, and mineral content was lower compared to that of beef
while. However, cowhide compared favorably with beef in terms of M.E. and N.F.E. in the study area. It
also shows that cooking as a processing method significantly affects nutrient quality such as Lipids, M.E.
and N.F.E.
LC50 of ginger rhizome on Continuous Utilization in Drosophila melanogaster
LC50 of ginger rhizome on Continuous Utilization in Drosophila melanogaster
This study evaluated the toxicity (LC₅₀) and survival effects of Zingiber officinale (ginger) rhizome extract on
Drosophila melanogaster. Fresh rhizomes were collected, air-dried at room temperature, powdered, and
extracted using 70% ethanol by maceration. The dried extract was weighed to estimate total yield. Harwich strain
D. melanogaster (3–5 days old) were obtained from the Africa Centre of Excellence in Phytomedicine Research
and Development (ACEPRD), University of Jos, Nigeria, and maintained under standard conditions (23 ± 1 °C;
60% RH; 12 h light/dark cycle) on a cornmeal-based diet. A pilot assay was first conducted to establish safe test
concentrations. Acute toxicity was then assessed over seven days to determine the LC₅₀, followed by a 28-day
survival assay at sub-lethal concentrations. Results showed that exposure to 20–1000 mg/10 g diet caused dosedependent mortality, with 100% mortality observed at 1000 mg/10 g diet. The 168-hour LC₅₀ was determined to
be 359.8 mg/10 g diet, suggesting that ginger rhizome extract is relatively non-toxic. Long-term exposure at sublethal doses significantly (p < 0.05) extended the lifespan of D. melanogaster compared to controls. These
findings indicate that Z. officinale rhizome possesses protective and longevity-enhancing effects, likely mediated
by its antioxidant and metabolic regulatory properties.
LC50 of Carica papaya on Continuous Utilization of Pawpaw Leaf in Drosophila melanogaster
LC50 of Carica papaya on Continuous Utilization of Pawpaw Leaf in Drosophila melanogaster
This study evaluated the LC₅₀ and long-term effects of Carica papaya (pawpaw) leaf ethanolic extract on
Drosophila melanogaster. Fresh leaves were collected from the University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria,
identified in the Department of Plant Science, air-dried, pulverized, and extracted by maceration in distilled
water. The extract was concentrated to dryness and incorporated into standard cornmeal diet. Adult D.
melanogaster (Harwich strain) were reared at 25 °C under a 12 h light/dark cycle and exposed to experimental
diets containing graded concentrations of C. papaya extract. Pilot assays were conducted to establish non-lethal
concentrations before survival and toxicity tests. At 168 hours, the ethanolic leaf extract caused 100% mortality
at concentrations of 250–1000 mg/10 g diet, with an LC₅₀ determined at 108.3 mg/10 g diet. Prolonged exposure
for 28 days at sub-lethal doses significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the lifespan of flies compared to the control.
Although the extract exhibited a moderately high LC₅₀, suggesting limited acute toxicity, continuous utilization
revealed dose-dependent negative effects on longevity. The findings indicate that pawpaw leaf ethanolic extract
is not acutely toxic to D. melanogaster.